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< li > < a href = "../../index.html" > Home< / a >
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< li > < a href = "../index.html" > Language modes< / a >
< li > < a class = active href = "#" > Markdown< / a >
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< article >
< h2 > Markdown mode< / h2 >
< form > < textarea id = "code" name = "code" >
Markdown: Basics
================
< ul id="ProjectSubmenu">
< li> < a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page"> Main< /a> < /li>
< li> < a class="selected" title="Markdown Basics"> Basics< /a> < /li>
< li> < a href="/projects/markdown/syntax" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation"> Syntax< /a> < /li>
< li> < a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information"> License< /a> < /li>
< li> < a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form"> Dingus< /a> < /li>
< /ul>
Getting the Gist of Markdown's Formatting Syntax
------------------------------------------------
This page offers a brief overview of what it's like to use Markdown.
The [syntax page] [s] provides complete, detailed documentation for
every feature, but Markdown should be very easy to pick up simply by
looking at a few examples of it in action. The examples on this page
are written in a before/after style, showing example syntax and the
HTML output produced by Markdown.
It's also helpful to simply try Markdown out; the [Dingus] [d] is a
web application that allows you type your own Markdown-formatted text
and translate it to XHTML.
**Note:** This document is itself written using Markdown; you
can [see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL] [src].
[s]: /projects/markdown/syntax "Markdown Syntax"
[d]: /projects/markdown/dingus "Markdown Dingus"
[src]: /projects/markdown/basics.text
## Paragraphs, Headers, Blockquotes ##
A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated
by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like
a blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is
considered blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with
spaces or tabs.
Markdown offers two styles of headers: *Setext* and *atx*.
Setext-style headers for `< h1> ` and `< h2> ` are created by
"underlining" with equal signs (`=`) and hyphens (`-`), respectively.
To create an atx-style header, you put 1-6 hash marks (`#`) at the
beginning of the line -- the number of hashes equals the resulting
HTML header level.
Blockquotes are indicated using email-style '`> `' angle brackets.
Markdown:
A First Level Header
====================
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A Second Level Header
---------------------
Now is the time for all good men to come to
the aid of their country. This is just a
regular paragraph.
The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy
dog's back.
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### Header 3
> This is a blockquote.
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>
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> This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.
>
> ## This is an H2 in a blockquote
Output:
< h1> A First Level Header< /h1>
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< h2> A Second Level Header< /h2>
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< p> Now is the time for all good men to come to
the aid of their country. This is just a
regular paragraph.< /p>
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< p> The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy
dog's back.< /p>
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< h3> Header 3< /h3>
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< blockquote>
< p> This is a blockquote.< /p>
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< p> This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.< /p>
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< h2> This is an H2 in a blockquote< /h2>
< /blockquote>
### Phrase Emphasis ###
Markdown uses asterisks and underscores to indicate spans of emphasis.
Markdown:
Some of these words *are emphasized*.
Some of these words _are emphasized also_.
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Use two asterisks for **strong emphasis**.
Or, if you prefer, __use two underscores instead__.
Output:
< p> Some of these words < em> are emphasized< /em> .
Some of these words < em> are emphasized also< /em> .< /p>
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< p> Use two asterisks for < strong> strong emphasis< /strong> .
Or, if you prefer, < strong> use two underscores instead< /strong> .< /p>
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## Lists ##
Unordered (bulleted) lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens (`*`,
`+`, and `-`) as list markers. These three markers are
interchangable; this:
* Candy.
* Gum.
* Booze.
this:
+ Candy.
+ Gum.
+ Booze.
and this:
- Candy.
- Gum.
- Booze.
all produce the same output:
< ul>
< li> Candy.< /li>
< li> Gum.< /li>
< li> Booze.< /li>
< /ul>
Ordered (numbered) lists use regular numbers, followed by periods, as
list markers:
1. Red
2. Green
3. Blue
Output:
< ol>
< li> Red< /li>
< li> Green< /li>
< li> Blue< /li>
< /ol>
If you put blank lines between items, you'll get `< p> ` tags for the
list item text. You can create multi-paragraph list items by indenting
the paragraphs by 4 spaces or 1 tab:
* A list item.
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With multiple paragraphs.
* Another item in the list.
Output:
< ul>
< li> < p> A list item.< /p>
< p> With multiple paragraphs.< /p> < /li>
< li> < p> Another item in the list.< /p> < /li>
< /ul>
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### Links ###
Markdown supports two styles for creating links: *inline* and
*reference*. With both styles, you use square brackets to delimit the
text you want to turn into a link.
Inline-style links use parentheses immediately after the link text.
For example:
This is an [example link](http://example.com/).
Output:
< p> This is an < a href="http://example.com/">
example link< /a> .< /p>
Optionally, you may include a title attribute in the parentheses:
This is an [example link](http://example.com/ "With a Title").
Output:
< p> This is an < a href="http://example.com/" title="With a Title">
example link< /a> .< /p>
Reference-style links allow you to refer to your links by names, which
you define elsewhere in your document:
I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][1] than from
[Yahoo][2] or [MSN][3].
[1]: http://google.com/ "Google"
[2]: http://search.yahoo.com/ "Yahoo Search"
[3]: http://search.msn.com/ "MSN Search"
Output:
< p> I get 10 times more traffic from < a href="http://google.com/"
title="Google"> Google< /a> than from < a href="http://search.yahoo.com/"
title="Yahoo Search"> Yahoo< /a> or < a href="http://search.msn.com/"
title="MSN Search"> MSN< /a> .< /p>
The title attribute is optional. Link names may contain letters,
numbers and spaces, but are *not* case sensitive:
I start my morning with a cup of coffee and
[The New York Times][NY Times].
[ny times]: http://www.nytimes.com/
Output:
< p> I start my morning with a cup of coffee and
< a href="http://www.nytimes.com/"> The New York Times< /a> .< /p>
### Images ###
Image syntax is very much like link syntax.
Inline (titles are optional):
Reference-style:
![alt text][id]
[id]: /path/to/img.jpg "Title"
Both of the above examples produce the same output:
< img src="/path/to/img.jpg" alt="alt text" title="Title" />
### Code ###
In a regular paragraph, you can create code span by wrapping text in
backtick quotes. Any ampersands (`& `) and angle brackets (`< ` or
`> `) will automatically be translated into HTML entities. This makes
it easy to use Markdown to write about HTML example code:
I strongly recommend against using any `< blink> ` tags.
I wish SmartyPants used named entities like `& mdash;`
instead of decimal-encoded entites like `& #8212;`.
Output:
< p> I strongly recommend against using any
< code> & lt;blink& gt;< /code> tags.< /p>
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< p> I wish SmartyPants used named entities like
< code> & amp;mdash;< /code> instead of decimal-encoded
entites like < code> & amp;#8212;< /code> .< /p>
To specify an entire block of pre-formatted code, indent every line of
the block by 4 spaces or 1 tab. Just like with code spans, `& `, `< `,
and `> ` characters will be escaped automatically.
Markdown:
If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,
you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:
< blockquote>
< p> For example.< /p>
< /blockquote>
Output:
< p> If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,
you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:< /p>
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< pre> < code> & lt;blockquote& gt;
& lt;p& gt;For example.& lt;/p& gt;
& lt;/blockquote& gt;
< /code> < /pre>
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## Fenced code blocks (and syntax highlighting)
```javascript
for (var i = 0; i < items.length ; i + + ) {
console.log(items[i], i); // log them
}
```
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< / textarea > < / form >
< script >
var editor = CodeMirror.fromTextArea(document.getElementById("code"), {
mode: 'markdown',
lineNumbers: true,
theme: "default",
extraKeys: {"Enter": "newlineAndIndentContinueMarkdownList"}
});
< / script >
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< p > If you also want support < code > strikethrough< / code > , < code > emoji< / code > and few other goodies, check out < a href = "../gfm/index.html" > Github-Flavored Markdown mode< / a > .< / p >
< p > Optionally depends on other modes for properly highlighted code blocks,
and XML mode for properly highlighted inline XML blocks.< / p >
< p > Markdown mode supports these options:< / p >
< ul >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > highlightFormatting: boolean< / code > < / dt >
< dd > Whether to separately highlight markdown meta characterts (< code > *[]()< / code > etc.) (default: < code > false< / code > ).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > maxBlockquoteDepth: boolean< / code > < / dt >
< dd > Maximum allowed blockquote nesting (default: < code > 0< / code > - infinite nesting).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > xml: boolean< / code > < / dt >
< dd > Whether to highlight inline XML (default: < code > true< / code > ).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > fencedCodeBlockHighlighting: boolean< / code > < / dt >
< dd > Whether to syntax-highlight fenced code blocks, if given mode is included (default: < code > true< / code > ).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > tokenTypeOverrides: Object< / code > < / dt >
< dd > When you want ot override default token type names (e.g. < code > {code: "code"}< / code > ).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< li >
< d1 >
< dt > < code > allowAtxHeaderWithoutSpace: boolean< / code > < / dt >
< dd > Allow lazy headers without whitespace between hashtag and text (default: < code > false< / code > ).< / dd >
< / d1 >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< p > < strong > MIME types defined:< / strong > < code > text/x-markdown< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > Parsing/Highlighting Tests:< / strong > < a href = "../../test/index.html#markdown_*" > normal< / a > , < a href = "../../test/index.html#verbose,markdown_*" > verbose< / a > .< / p >
< / article >
